To'g'ri belgilash uchun beshinchi g'ildirak, traktoringiz, treylerlaringiz va marshrutingiz ehtiyojlariga mos kelishi juda muhim. Bu avvalgidan ko'ra murakkabroq ko'rinadi. Ushbu maqola taqdim etadi:

- A general overview of the spec’ing process and the fifth wheel options available today.

• Beshinchi g'ildirakning ishlash muddati va ishlash muddatini maksimal darajada oshirish uchun tavsiya etilgan profilaktik parvarishlash.

JOST TAPE Beshinchi g'ildirak 37C ta'mirlash to'plamlari treyler qismlari

- The do’s and don’ts associated with using your fifth wheel – specifically coupling and uncoupling the trailer and fifth wheel.

Fifth wheel manufacturers categorize their products differently, so it is highly recommended that you work with a manufacturer’s representative to make sure your fifth wheel choice is the best one for you.

BIRINCHI QADAM

Spec’ing a fifth wheel begins with categorizing your hauling type. In other words, what are you going to do with this truck and trailer? As a general rule, fifth wheels can be put into three workload classifications:

- Standart majburiyat.

- O'rtacha vazifa.

- Qattiq vazifa.

Ushbu ish yuki tasniflarining qaysi biri eng mos kelishini boshqaradigan uchta asosiy fikr mavjud:

- yalpi birikma og'irligi.

- Road type – operating environment and type of equipment used in an application.

- Axle limitation – maximum number of towed axles.

It’s important to note that the choice of a fifth wheel shouldn’t be based on weight alone. Service conditions are important because, for example, a heavy load pulled on a paved road places less stress on a fifth wheel than a lighter load pulled in severe off-highway conditions.

Sizning parkingizni tashkil etuvchi treyler turlari ham muhimdir. Ushbu fikrni ko'rib chiqishning yaxshi usuli - tortilgan o'qlarning maksimal sonini bilishdir.

Armed with the workload classification information, you’ll want to have a discussion with the fifth wheel manufacturer. Each manufacturer has different specifications for each duty or workload class, as well as a variety of fifth wheel models for each class.

Shuni esda tutingki, beshinchi g'ildirakni tanlashda, agar dastur yoki transport vositasidan foydalanish ma'lum beshinchi g'ildirakda maksimal sig'imga ega bo'lsa, undan yuqori sig'imga ega beshinchi g'ildirakni tanlash tavsiya etiladi. Qo'shimcha quvvat uzoqroq vaqt davomida yaxshi xizmat muddatini ta'minlash uchun tavsiya etiladi.

IKKINCHI QADAM

Sizning ish yukingiz tasnifi standart, o'rtacha yoki og'ir ekanligini aniqlaganingizdan so'ng, keyingi qadam sizning parkingiz ishiga mos keladigan beshinchi g'ildirak turini tanlashdir. Ko'pgina ishlab chiqaruvchilar har bir ish yukining tasnifi uchun bir nechta beshinchi g'ildirak modellarini taklif qilishadi.

Har bir beshinchi g'ildirak yuqori plastinka va o'rnatishdan iborat. 

Yuqori plastinka variantlari

- Greasable – Eng keng tarqalgan beshinchi g'ildirak, ular odatda yuqori plastinka moy kanallarida va qulflash mexanizmida yog'ni va yuqori plastinkaning qolgan qismida yupqa qatlamni talab qiladi. Ishlab chiqaruvchidan tavsiya etilgan moylash usullari va miqdorini tekshiring.

- Low-lube – Ushbu parametr beshinchi g'ildirakni parvarish qilishni osonlashtiradi va kamroq vaqt sarflaydi, chunki u yuqori sirtda yog'ni talab qilmaydi. Qulflash mexanizmi hali ham yog'lanishi va parvarish qilinishi kerak.

- Elektron qulfni sezish – Electronic sensors built into the top plate communicate with an in-cab indicator to let the driver know when the kingpin is positioned in the lock. This provides an additional check to supplement the required driver visual inspection and tug test.

- Beshinchi g'ildirak bloklangan – This is a non-rocking fifth wheel assembly mainly for frameless dump applications.

O'rnatish imkoniyatlari

There are basically two kinds of fifth wheel mounts: stationary and air sliding. Fifth wheel mounts are available in different heights so they can be ordered based on the fleet’s particular needs. 

O'rnatish moslamasini tanlashda shinalar o'lchami, qanotlar, tirkama turi va umumiy balandligini hisobga oling, shunda traktor va tirkama qonuniy balandlikdan oshmasdan optimal ishlaydi.

- Statsionar o'rnatish – Stationary fifth wheel mounts are ideal for applications where an entire fleet is comprised of vehicles of the same length and the same trailer kingpin setting and axle loading. They are typically lighter than sliding mount fifth wheels.

- Havo slaydni o'rnatish moslamasi - Havo faollashtirilgan yoki havo chiqarish tez-tez sozlashni talab qiladigan ilovalar uchun mashhur variantdir. Sürgülü operatsiya havo tsilindri tomonidan boshqariladi va kabinadagi kalit orqali boshqariladi.

Har xil uzunlikdagi va kingpin sozlamalari bo'lgan tirkamalarni boshqarish va hatto traktor o'qlari o'rtasida og'irlikni bir tekisda o'tkazish uchun toymasin o'rnatish moslamalari turli slayd uzunliklarida mavjud.

Qo'shimcha manevr - toymasin beshinchi g'ildirak o'rnatishning yana bir afzalligi. U qo'nish moslamasi bo'shlig'i qisqa bo'lgan tirkamalarni joylashtiradi va haydovchiga og'irlik imkon berganda maksimal qulaylik uchun jihozni kengaytirish imkonini beradi.

Sürgülü o'rnatish moslamalari, shuningdek, haydovchiga haydash balandligining turli xil variantlarini beradi, yonilg'i tejamkorligini yaxshilash uchun traktor va tirkama orasidagi bo'shliqni kamaytirishga imkon beradi va hatto yukni qulay joylashtirishga imkon beradi, masalan, tankerga engil burchakka ruxsat beradi.

Ogohlantirish: beshinchi g'ildirak ishlaganligiga ishonch hosil qilish uchun qonun bo'yicha vizual tekshirish talab qilinadi, shuning uchun har doim traktordan chiqib, qarash kerak.

Boshqa variantlar

Some manufacturers offer additional options, including some that can be used on any fifth wheel system. For example, Fontaine Fifth Wheel offers a camera assist system that allows the driver to watch a trailer couple and lock or uncouple from cab.

Always ask your fifth wheel manufacturer if there are any new options available for you to consider.

TOP OPERATING CONDITION

Fifth wheel manufacturers’ PM schedules vary and severe duty fifth wheels may require more frequent PM intervals to ensure peak performance. Always consult the manufacturer’s specific recommendations to get the most service life out of your fifth wheels.

Generally speaking, fifth wheel preventative maintenance is a five-step process. 

1. Clean and degrease the fifth wheel. Starting with the fifth wheel in the closed position, use a suitable solvent to clean and degrease the fifth wheel – especially the top plate, locking mechanism and throat area.

2. Visual inspection. After cleaning, inspect for damaged or missing parts.

- Make sure the fifth wheel is securely attached to the tractor.

- Pay close attention to welds and areas around bolt holes.

- Make sure there are no cracks or missing bolts.

- Make sure nothing is hanging loose under the fifth wheel.

- Make sure the bracket pins on both sides are in place and secured.

3. Function inspection. Use the pull handle to open the lock. Insert a kingpin tool to make sure the locking mechanism is functioning properly. Make sure the locking mechanism is engaged behind the kingpin. Then, retract the pull handle.

Open and close the wheel, looking for a quick, crisp closing action. If the action is sluggish, it may be due to a buildup of old grease or a bent part causing some binding. If the wheel is hard to open, it may be due to a tight or unlubricated locking mechanism.

4. Locking mechanism adjustment. Check the adjustment procedure. Because this is different for each fifth wheel manufacturer, consult the manufacturer’s manual for specific instructions.

5. Lubrication. Begin by closing the locking mechanism. Use care when the lock closes because the handle can move in quickly. Here again, each manufacturer’s locking mechanism is different, so check your fifth wheel manufacturer’s lubrication recommendations. After greasing the locking mechanism, work it back and forth several times to distribute the grease.

Spread grease all over the surface of the top plate (not necessary for low-lube fifth wheels). If there are pockets built into the top plates, be sure they are full of grease. Leave the top plate area around the locking mechanism free of grease. 

For sliding fifth wheels, lightly lubricate the pivot joints of the mechanism. Then operate the mechanism to ensure that it is working properly.

Lightly oil the other moving parts in the fifth wheel. Check the manufacturer’s recommendations for regions that experience extreme and/or prolonged freezing temperatures.

Caution: Over-lubrication is costly and causes excessive build-up on fifth wheel components. Under-lubrication could lead to steering problems.